Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has become a worldwide concern due to the increasing MRSA resistance to antibiotics. This condition encourages the continuous exploration of new anti-MRSA compounds. Thus, this study explored the effect of carbon (starch, glucose, sucrose, lactose) and nitrogen (casein, yeast extract, urea, peptone) sources for the fermentation medium to produce antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds from bacterial strain P-6B against MRSA 2983. The r...

Limonoid is derivatives of triterpenoid compound that have a wide variety of structures due to various ring-opening, rearrangements, and high-degree of oxidation. Limonoid is known as compounds that have wide-range of biological activities, including anticancer activity. This research was aimed to determine the chemical structure and cytotoxic activity of limonoid in the n-hexane extract of Chisocheton lasiocarpus fruit. Dried powder of C. lasiocarpus fruit was extracted using methanol followed ...

The rate of biodegradation of cassava – tannia starch bioplastic in various media was evaluated. Bioplastic degradation profile for a period of 4 weeks was seen following the Hills Equation where the speed of bioplastic biodegradation in sand media had higher yields than farm soil and compost media with the value up to 98.84 %. This is also proven by measuring the rate of degradation reaction using a first order reaction rate, where the value of the constant rate of reaction from bioplastics i...

Computational studies have been carried out on eugenol and safrole derivatives as active sunscreen materials. The calculations were using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the B3LYP functional and basis set 6-31G (d). The calculated eugenol derivative i.e. 3,4-dimethoxy isobutyl cinnamate; 3,4-dimethoxy isoamyl cinnamate; 3,4-dimethoxy isohexyl cinnamate; 3,4 dimethoxy isoheptyl cinnamate; 3,4-dimethoxy isoctyl cinnamate. The calculated safrole i.e. 3,4-methylenedioxy isobutyl cinnamate; 3,4-...

Gayo (Aceh) coffee is one of the best coffees from Indonesia. In this work, metabolites in the Gayo roasted arabica and robusta coffees were identified with 1H NMR spectroscopy analysis. Accumulatively 28 compounds were successfully detected, including the major and minor metabolites of the roasted coffee. Multivariate data analysis was applied to evaluate the dataset extracted from 1H NMR spectra of the coffee samples, result in the disclosure of the differences in the chemical profiles between...

Giant leucaena wood was utilized to prepare heterogeneous catalysts through a fast pyrolysis method and chemical activation for transesterification. The obtained catalysts were investigated using SEM, CHNS/O analyzer, XRF and XRD. The influence of the concentration of KOH (3-9 M), catalyst amount (0.25-2.0 g), methanol to oil ratio (4:1-10:1), and reaction time (30-75 min) on FAME yield was also studied on transesterification reaction carried out at 60ºC under a 750 rpm stirring speed. The expe...

Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris are algae that contain high nutrients, such as protein, vitamins, and minerals. The purpose of this study was to determine the lipase activity, hematological, blood biochemistry and to obtain the most effective supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris in feed to enhance lipase activity, hematological parameter, blood biochemistry of gourami. The study was conducted experimentally in which 100 gourami fish were assigned randomely to ...

Covid-19 has caused more than 14 million confirmed cases and more than 6 hundred deaths as of 21 July 2020 globally. However, there is no approved drug to treat the disease. Xanthone is a potential therapeutic option for the virus that have been tested using molecular docking. There were 12 of xanthone compounds and its derivatives which have been docked against two protein crystals, 2GX4.pdb and 6FV1.pdb, which obtained two potential compounds of hydroxyxanthone derivatives with sulfonate and c...

Acalypha hispida Burm.f. is commonly used as an ornamental plant known for pharmacological effects. The nanoscale extract increases bioavailability and bioactivity. This research aimed to produce and characterize nanopowder extract of A. hispida leaves. Powdered leaves were macerated in 96% ethanol, then was evaporated in the spry dryer. Nanopowder extract was produced using planetary ball milling at 5000 rpm in different milling times, namely 5 minutes (nanopowder A), 10 minutes (nanopowder B),...

In Thailand, the rubber tree is widely used as a source of natural rubber and their seeds have been found to be rich in oil production. The seed shell is the residue and not edible but abundantly available in the country. Therefore, the objective of this work was to prepare activated carbon (AC) from rubber seed shells. ACs were produced by chemical activation and their characteristics were investigated. The effects of activation temperature and chemical impregnation time in the agent were exami...

Contamination of the environment by hazardous metal ions has been a major environmental issue for the past several decades. Among several hazardous metals, mercury ion (Hg(II)) is of particular concern as its compounds are extremely toxic. Hence, developing detection methods for traces of Hg(II) ions in aquatic systems is critical for mercury pollution mitigation. One method that can be used to monitor Hg(II) in aquatic systems is colorimetry-based method which is simple, rapid, and low-cost, ye...

Iron oxide nanoparticles, such as Fe3O4, are commonly used in various applications, such as drug delivery, magnetic fluid, water purification, and enzyme immobilization. These applications require protein to be adsorbed on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles. However direct utilization of iron oxide nanoparticles has several drawbacks, thus modification of iron oxide nanoparticles is usually done. In this study, we reported surface modification of Fe3O4 using tannic acid to adsorb bovine ser...

Aglaia is the largest genus of the Meliaceae family which contains terpenoid compounds. This type of compounds showed a diverse structures and biological activities that can be found in natural resources. Aglaia elaeagnoidea is a species from Aglaia genus that only has a few previous research. This study was aimed to isolate and determine the chemical structure of terpenoid compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of A. elaeagnoidea stem bark. Ethyl acetate extracts were separated and purified b...

The Ag3PO4 photocatalyst has been developed to degrade the organic pollutant due to its highly active responsive under visible light irradiation. The properties of Ag3PO4 may depend on design and preparation. Starting materials and co-precipitation conditions would significantly affect the properties of the product. The controlled defect of this photocatalyst may lead to improve catalytic activity. Here, the unique properties of phosphate deficiency in Ag3PO4 were created using the starting mate...

Paracetamol is a commom analgesic and antipyretic drug which used for reliefing fever and head ache. The determination of paracetamol dose in pharmaceuticals is very important, becauce an overdose can cause fulminating hepatic necrosis and other toxic effects. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the dose of paracetamol for the patient with precision to avoid harm. Many analytical methodologies have been proposed for determination of paracetamol dose. One of the methods was developed in the pas...